“现在唯一清楚的是,在法案出台之前,没有仿制药可以知道其是否仍在法律范围内,无法预测地依赖使用代码和专利声明。在今天之前,缩减标签是一种平衡,允许公司在这一领域做出明智、负责任的决定。如果仿制药想要避免专利用途,一个简单的权宜之计就是从其标签中省略品牌药的一些用途。如果品牌药想要阻止一个包含其认为获得专利用途的缩减标签,其简单的权宜之计就是将这一用途包含在其 FDA 专利声明中。而现在,这种平衡已经不复存在。”
Drug Price Competition and Patent Term Restoration Act of 1984 (Hatch-Waxman Act)
Mandatory Reading:
Regulatory Affairs (Reg)
Intellectual Property (IP)
Quality Assurance (QA)
Legal Department
Work Suggestions:
Reg: Ensure the company's drug applications comply with the new drug application procedures and bioequivalence standards.
IP: Monitor patent term extensions and the impact on the company's patent strategy.
QA: Verify that manufacturing processes meet the identity, strength, quality, and purity requirements.
Legal Department: Advise on patent infringement issues and the legal implications of abbreviated new drug applications.
Scope of Application: The Drug Price Competition and Patent Term Restoration Act of 1984 applies to chemical drugs, including new molecular entities and generic drugs, in the United States. It is intended for regulatory bodies, pharmaceutical companies, and legal entities involved in drug development and approval processes.
Key Points Summary:
Abbreviated New Drug Applications (ANDAs): The Act allows for the streamlined approval of generic drugs by submitting abbreviated applications showing bioequivalence to the listed drug, without repeating costly and time-consuming clinical trials.
Patent Term Restoration: Offers a mechanism to extend the effective patent life of a drug to partially compensate for the time lost during the regulatory review process, up to a maximum of five years.
Data Exclusivity: Provides a period of data exclusivity, during which the FDA cannot approve ANDAs for other companies that rely on the innovator's safety and efficacy data.
Patent Certification: Requires ANDA applicants to certify about the listed drug's patents or periods of exclusivity, which can trigger a patent infringement lawsuit.
Regulatory Review Period: Defines the regulatory review period for calculating patent term extensions and sets rules for due diligence during the application process.
Conclusion: The Drug Price Competition and Patent Term Restoration Act of 1984 is a landmark legislation that balances the need for accessible, affordable medications with the incentive for innovation. It has significantly impacted the pharmaceutical industry by fostering competition and ensuring that both innovator and generic drug companies have clear pathways to market. The above points are not exhaustive; for comprehensive understanding, the full text of the Act should be consulted.